naphtabarjci的部落格

laennec台大醫院新竹分院社區及家庭醫學部包育菁醫師表示，黃熱病是一種急性病毒性發熱疾病，主要流行於非洲及拉丁美洲等地區，感染者終生保持傳染力；市及鄉村地區的病媒蚊以斑蚊為主，叢林地區則是叢林蚊子；主要症狀包括發燒、冷顫、頭痛、背痛、全身肌肉痛、虛脫、噁心、嘔吐、出血等症狀，初期黃疸輕微，但會隨病程進展而漸明顯。部分嚴重病人在數小時至一天之後，就轉而進入危險期，會出現出血症狀，如流鼻血、牙齦出血、吐血及黑便，甚至出現肝臟及腎臟衰竭，進入中毒期病人七至十天內死亡率約二至五成。

包育菁醫師說明，為了預防感染黃熱病，除了要在皮膚裸露部位塗抹衛生福利部核可含DEET之防蚊藥劑加強防蚊外，前往疫區前可以接種「黃熱病疫苗」預防感染。laennec

過去建議黃熱病疫苗自接種之日第十天起十年內有效，超過十年需補接種疫苗，但世界衛生組織於二○一四年根據實證科學研究結果，確認接種黃熱病疫苗後可獲得終生保護力。

包醫師提醒，接種黃熱病疫苗需由醫師評估施打，可能產生之副作用包括：一至三成接種者於第五至十二天內可能會有頭痛、肌肉痛及輕微發燒反應，一般於一到兩天即會消失。黃熱病疫苗曾在國外通報嚴重的不良反應，造成接種者神經或臟器病變，但發生率極低(均小於十萬分之一)，且好發於高齡及幼齡(未滿九個月)的接種者；過敏性休克發生率約十萬分之一點八；接種後如持續不適，應立刻就醫並通報原接種醫院。

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Dr. Bao Yujing, from the Department of Community and Family Medicine, Hsinchu Hospital, National Taiwan University Hospital, said that yellow fever is an acute viral febrile disease, mainly prevalent in Africa and Latin America. Infected people maintain infection throughout their lives; vector mosquitoes in urban and rural areas Mosquito-based, jungle areas are jungle mosquitoes; the main symptoms include fever, chills, headache, back pain, body muscle pain, collapse, nausea, vomiting, bleeding and other symptoms, initial jaundice is mild, but will gradually become apparent as the disease progresses . Some severe patients turn into a dangerous period after a few hours to one day, and there will be bleeding symptoms such as nosebleeds, bleeding gums, vomiting blood and melena, and even liver and kidney failure. Patients entering the poisoning period will be within seven to ten days. The mortality rate is about two to fifty percent.

In order to prevent the infection of yellow fever, in addition to the application of the DEET anti-mosquito agent to strengthen the anti-mosquito, the Department of Health and Welfare can inoculate the "yellow fever vaccine" to prevent infection before going to the affected area.

In the past, it was recommended that the yellow fever vaccine be effective for ten years from the tenth day of vaccination and that it should be vaccinated for more than ten years. However, in 2014, the World Health Organization confirmed that it was vaccinated against yellow fever based on the results of empirical scientific research. Lifelong protection.

laennecThe doctor reminded that the yellow fever vaccine should be evaluated by the doctor. The possible side effects include: one to three percent of the vaccinators may have headache, muscle pain and mild fever within the first 12 to 12 days, usually one to two. The sky will disappear. The yellow fever vaccine has reported serious adverse reactions abroad, causing neurological or organ lesions in the vaccinators, but the incidence is extremely low (less than one in 100,000), and occurs in the elderly and young (less than nine) The vaccination of anaphylactic shock; the incidence of anaphylactic shock is about one in 100,000 points; if you continue to feel unwell after vaccination, you should seek medical advice immediately and notify the original vaccination hospital.